Residential Solar Installation: Step-by-Step Guide for Indian Homes
Installing a rooftop solar plant is one of the smartest decisions homeowners in India can make. With rising electricity bills, improved solar technology, and government-backed subsidies, solar power has become an affordable and high-return investment. To help you understand the process clearly, here is a complete step-by-step Residential Solar Installation Guide suitable for both 3kW and 10kW systems.
. Assess Your Power Requirements
The first step in solar installation is calculating your household’s energy consumption. Review your monthly electricity bills and note down the average number of units consumed.
Typical Load Requirements
- 3kW system: Suitable for small to medium homes (8–10 fans, 8–10 lights, TV, fridge, washing machine)
- 5kW system: Ideal for medium homes with higher usage (AC + multiple appliances)
- 10kW system: Best for large homes with high electricity demand
Understanding your load helps determine the right solar plant size and avoids under- or over-sizing.
2. Conduct a Site Survey
A site survey ensures your roof is suitable for solar installation. A professional solar EPC company evaluates:
- Rooftop space (minimum recommended: 250 sq. ft for 3kW)
- Shading issues from trees or buildings
- Roof strength and material
- Direction & tilt (south-facing with 15°–25° tilt is ideal)
Companies like Thermosun Engineering & Power India Pvt. Ltd. perform detailed site surveys to ensure maximum energy output and safe installation.
3. Choose the Right Solar Panel Type
In India, three major types of solar panels are commonly used:
✔ Mono PERC Panels
High efficiency and best for limited spaces.
✔ Bifacial Solar Panels
Generate power from both sides—ideal for open rooftops.
✔ Polycrystalline Panels
Economical but less efficient compared to Mono PERC.
For residential projects in 2025, Mono PERC and Bifacial panels are the most recommended due to their excellent efficiency and long-term performance.
4. Select Between On-Grid, Off-Grid, or Hybrid System
On-Grid System (Most popular)
- Works with the electricity grid
- Offers Net Metering benefits
- Ideal for reducing electricity bills
Off-Grid System
- Works with battery backup
- Suitable for remote locations
- Higher installation cost due to batteries
Hybrid System
- Combination of on-grid + battery backup
- Provides power even during outages
Most urban homes choose on-grid solar due to its best ROI and subsidy eligibility.
5. Understand Pricing & Government Subsidy
The price of a solar plant depends on the capacity and type of system. In 2025, approximate prices are:
- 3kW – ₹1,60,000 to ₹2,10,000
- 5kW – ₹2,60,000 to ₹3,50,000
- 10kW – ₹5,20,000 to ₹6,80,000
Under the PM Surya Ghar Yojana, homeowners can receive subsidies up to:
- ₹36,000 per kW up to 2kW
- ₹78,000 per Kw up to 10kw
A total subsidy of up to ₹1,08,000 for residential users.
Thermosun Engineering & Power India Pvt. Ltd. assists homeowners with complete subsidy documentation and approvals.
Click here to know more about Subsidy
6. Installation of Mounting Structures & Panels
After planning and approvals, the installation team begins work:
Steps:
- Roof cleaning & marking
- Fixing the mounting structures
- Ensuring correct tilt and direction
- Installing solar panels safely
- Tightening all bolts and anti-rust protection
A proper structure ensures panels withstand wind, rain, and high temperatures—important for long-term durability.
7. Wiring, Inverter, and Safety Setup
This includes:
- DC wiring from panels
- Connecting to the solar inverter
- AC wiring to your home distribution board
- Earthing and surge protection
- Lightning arrester installation (recommended)
Using high-quality cables and protection devices ensures a safe and efficient system.
8. Net Metering & Final Approval
Once the system is installed:
- The electricity department installs a bi-directional net meter
- Documents are verified
- The solar plant is activated
Net metering helps track units exported to the grid, directly reducing electricity bills.
Read Our Previous Blog Solar plant price in India 2025 -Price Guide for 3kW, 5kW & 10kW Solar Plants
9. Monitoring & Maintenance
Modern solar plants come with mobile app monitoring for real-time generation tracking.
Maintenance is minimal:
- Cleaning panels twice a month
- Annual inspection by the installation company
- Checking wiring and earthing yearly
Companies like Thermosun offer AMC (Annual Maintenance Contracts) for hassle-free upkeep.
⭐ Conclusion
A residential solar plant is a long-term investment that delivers savings, energy independence, and environmental benefits. By following this step-by-step guide and partnering with a reliable EPC company like Thermosun Engineering & Power India Pvt. Ltd., homeowners can ensure safe installation, maximum generation, and seamless subsidy support.